Today, people are enjoying longer, more active lives. This increased activity over a longer lifespan results in more frequent wear and tear on joints, which has caused a staggering rise in chronic discomfort, injuries, and excessive pain associated with musculoskeletal disorders.

 

Currently, treatments for aging-related musculoskeletal disorders are limited. The first line of treatment typically consists of “conservative” therapies, e.g., physical therapy, visco-supplements such as hyaluronic acid (HA) injections, and anti-inflammatory corticosteroid injections. 

 

When these treatments fail, the last option will be invasive surgical intervention through artificial joint replacement, which many patients are reluctant to embrace. Alternatively, there has been an ongoing search for "regenerative medicine" technologies as an option to either delay or completely avoid the need for joint replacement.